Island



(No Model.)

\ C. HERMANN.

TOOL HANDLE.

No. 323,145. Patented July 28, 1885.

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CHRISTIAN HERMANN, OF BRISTOL, RHODE ISLAND.

TOOL-HANDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N. 323,145, dated July 2a,1885.

Application filed January 2, 1855.A (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, GHRIsrIAN HERMANN, of Bristol, in the county ofBristol and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Ratchet Tool-Handles, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to separable handles forauger-bits,gimlets,screw-drivers,and tools of that class generally.

The objects of my invention are to provide a simple and efficientratchet-handle in which the action of the ratchet may be readilyreversed, and the construction of which shall be materially simplified.Furthermore, to provide a simple and convenient attachment for securingthe handle tothe tool, and for detaching it therefrom.

To the above purposes my invention consists in the peculiar and novelconstruction and arrangement of the ratchet-handle, and also in thepeculiar and novel construction and arrangement of the attachment forholding the tool, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will proceed todescribe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure lis a side elevation of a ratchet-ha dle constructed according tomy invention.

Fig. 2 is an under side plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is an under sideplan view of a modified form of handle constructed in accordance withmyinvention. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a still further modificationof the handle embodying my invention with atool attached. Fig. 5 is,acentral vertical longitudinal section ofthe same. Fig. 6 is a centralhorizontal longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 7 is a verticalcross-section of my improved handies, taken on a plane through theratchetsleeve.

Before entering into a detailed description of my invention Ideem itdesirable to state that the class of handles to which my inventionrelates have to be used under varying conditions as to the positions ofobjects upon which the device is to operate. Thus in Fig.

3 the handle is shown as having two arms,

and this handle could not be used on an object situated in the angle oftwo surfaces of any considerable height. The forni of handle shown inFigs. 4, 5, and 6 is capable of operating ordinarily in such situations,while if the point to be operated upon sets very close to the meetingline of the two surfaces the handle shown in Figs. 1 and 2 would besuitable for the purpose. Thus in Figs. l and 2 the handle has a singlearm, a; in Fig. 3 the handle has two arms, a', and in Figs. 4, 5, and 6the handle has a single arm, c2, and also a comparatively slightoppositely-disposed extension, al, the purpose of which will hereinafterbe stated. v

A designates an enlargement, which, as shown in the drawings, may be ofapproximately cylindrical form externally, and through the center ofwhich is formed a plain annular bore. In the device shown Jin Figs. 1,2, 4, 5, and 6 this hollow enlargement is situated at one end of the armof the handle, and in the iirst two figures forms the extremity of thedevice, while in the latter three figures said enlargement is near theextremity which is formed by the extension a3. Within this enlargementor hub, as it may be termed, is placed the ratchet-sleeve B. The saidsleeve is of cylindrical form, of such dimensions as to t properlywithin the bore of the enlargement A, and to turn freely therein. At itsupper end this ratchet-sleeve is formed with an overhanging cap, b, theedges of which lap over the upper end of the bore of the enlargement A,and thus support said sleeve within the bore of the enlargement. Theouter sides of the sleeve B are formed with teeth b, which have sides ofequal length. This sleeve is formed with an angular central bore whichis preferably tapered from its lower to its upper end and extendslongitudinally of the sleeve. This angular bore is designed to receivethe shank of the tool, as hereinafter described.

C designates a collar which iits around the lower end of the sleeve B,and the upper part of which rests against the lower face of theenlargement A, and also against the lower ends of the teeth b. Thiscollar is secured to the lower end of the sleeve B, by means of one ormore screws, b2, as shown in the drawings.

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In Figs. l, 2, 4, and 5 the screws are shown as passing horizontallythrough apertures in the collar and extending into the sides of thesleeve B, while in Fig. 3 a single screw is used, which passesvertically upward through the collar and into the lower end of thesleeve.

D designates a click, dog, or pawl, which is arranged to engage at itsinner end with the teeth b of the ratchet-sleeve B. This click or pinmay be arranged in various positions upon the handle. Thus in Fig. 2 thepin is shown as set within a socket, e, which is cast between the armsa, by which the arm a is joined to the enlargement A. In Fig. 3 the pinD works within a socket, a5, which is cast obliquely upon one side ofthe handle. In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the pin .D works within the extensionas. In either event the pin is provided with a lip, d, which engageswith the teeth of the ratchetsleeve, and carries a pin, d', which entersa recess or notch, n, formed in the outer end of the socket or extensionin which said pin works. rlhe pin is turned down or reduced a portion ofits length, and the bore in the socket or extension at one end is madesmaller to correspond, so that a space is formed to re ceive a spiralspring, S, which surrounds the reduced portion of the pin, and the endsof which spring are conned between the shoulder of the pin and that ofthe bore. The spring serves to throw the pin inward, so that its lipshall engage between the ratchet-teeth. The inward movement of the pin Dis limited by the pin d thereof. The lip d of pin D is at one side ofthe center line of the pin, and the straight face of said pin is on thesame line, so as to abut squarely against the sides of the teeth b. Thusthe ratchet-sleeve is held firmly against rotation in one directionwhile th oblique surface of the lip will ride freely over the teeth whenthe handle is turned in the opposite direction. The holding action ofthe pin D is reversed by simply drawing it out-ward till the pin demerges from the notch a, and then giving a half-turn to the pin orclick, after which the handle will turn the tool in the oppositedirection. The relative arrangement of the notch and the pin d preventsany accidental partial turning of the click D. l

Ihe device for holding the tool within the handle consist-s of a stem,F, which extends upward through the collar C and into the lower end ofsleeve B. At its upper end the stem F is formed with a segmental head,f', which enters a slot cut in the lower part of the sleeve B, while atits lower end said stem carries a pin, f. The shank of the tool G isformed with a notch, g, and it will be seen that when the tool-shank isinserted in the handle and the stem F is turned so as to cause thecurved portion of the segmental head to fully enter the slot in thesleeve B such head will also enter the notch of the shank, and thussecure the tool to the handle. On the other hand, when the stem isturned so as to carry the head f outward it will readily release thetool.

The construction or manner of making the handle is very simple, as thehandle with its hollow enlargement and its socket or eXtension, theclick or pawl, the ratchet-sleeve, and the holder F are all simpleseparate pieces which are easily cast and readily put together. The arma2 is hollow, so that the pin D may be readily taken out or put inthrough it. In the case of the handle shown in Fig. 3 a hollowextension, a, is formed in alignment with the extension a5, and the pinD is taken out or put in through this hollow extension. In the handleshown in Figs. l and 2 a hole, al, is formed in the enlargement A at apoint directly opposite the socket e, and through this hole the pin isremoved and replaced in its socket.

When greater leverage is required than is afforded by the arms, a bar ofincreased length may be fixed in the end of the hollow arm or in thehollow extension.

Having thus described mynvention, Iclaim as new and desireto secure byLetters Patent- 1. The combination, with the hollow hub or enlargementA, having the straight plain cylindrical bore, of the cylindricalratchet-sleeve B,provided with the longitudinal teeth and the integralcap b, and the collar C, as described.

2. The combination, with the hollow hub or enlargement A, having-thestraight plain cylindrical bore, and the reversible spring-click D,ofthe cylindrical ratchet-sleeve B, provided with the integral cap b andteeth b, and the collar C, having the eccentric turning-catch F, adaptedto engage a notch in the tool-shank, substantially as set forth. v

y CHRISTIAN HERMANN.

Witnesses:

FRANK I. KINNIcU'r'r, DARWIN ALMY.

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